Small molecules are organic compounds that typically have a low molecular weight and are characterized by their relatively simple structure. These molecules play key roles in various biological processes and are widely used in drug discovery and development. Small molecule research involves studying the properties and functionality of these compounds, as well as their interactions with biological macromolecules such as proteins and nucleic acids. This research area is important for understanding disease mechanisms, identifying potential drug targets, and developing new therapeutic agents for a wide range of medical conditions.